The electronic scientific journal "Young science of Siberia"

DEVELOPMENT OF A SIMULATION STAND FOR STUDYING THE POLARIZATION STATE OF LASER RADIATION USED IN A QUANTUM COMMUNICATION LINE

Thu, 15 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The introduction of quantum technologies into various fields of science and technology is fueling their rapid development. Ensuring the information security of digital data, in particular, is becoming a priority. Digital data encryption is achieved using the fundamental laws of physics, which led to the development of the quantum key. To understand the processes involved in generating a quantum key in a quantum-optical communication channel, a visual demonstration of the formation of bases is provided. Key generation occurs based on the generated bases, which in turn are determined by the polarization state of the radiation in the communication channel. Developing a simulation rig to determine the polarization state of laser radiation is essential.

THE SIZE OF THE HELIUM ATOM IN THE CONTEXT OF QUANTUM SYSTEMS

Игорь Павлович Попов — Tue, 13 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

It is noted that the electrons of the helium atom form a quantum system similar to the Cooper pair of electrons in superconductors. Quantum systems are characterized by the fact that the quantum of angular momentum ћ was not assigned to each of their particles, but to the entire quantum system as a whole. It is shown that the existing calculated value of the radius of the helium atom is due to the fact that each of its two electrons was assigned a quantum of angular momentum ћ. The need to exclude the specified double standards when determining the angular momentum of quantum systems leads to the fact that the quantum of angular momentum ћ should be assigned not to each electron of the helium atom, but to their quantum set. The consequence of this is the correction of the value of the radius of the helium atom, which turned out to be almost four times smaller than the tabulated value, which is essential for its permeability through membranes.

ОБЗОР НАУЧНЫХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ ЗАГРЯЗНЕНИЯ АТМОСФЕРЫ НАД ОЗЕ-РОМ БАЙКАЛ

Вера Сергеевна Асламова — Thu, 22 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Lake Baikal, with its unique ecosystem and containing approximately 20–22% of the world's freshwater, is subject to significant atmospheric pollution from both anthropogenic and natural sources. This paper examines the main pollutants (PP) entering the atmosphere and settling in the lake's waters, including greenhouse gases (CO₂, CH₄, N₂O), sulfur and nitrogen oxides (SO₂, NOₓ), suspended particles (PM10, PM2.5), and toxic compounds such as atmospheric mercury. Particular attention is paid to the sources of pollution—industrial hubs (Irkutsk-Cheremkhovo, Severobaikalsk, Ulan-Ude), motor vehicles, railways, shipping, and forest fires. An analysis of regional characteristics shows that the mountain ranges surrounding the lake impede the dispersion of pollutants, while prevailing northwesterly winds facilitate the transport of emissions from industrial centers along the Angara River valley. Research conducted near the village of Listvyanka identified two key pollution mechanisms: the nocturnal transport of poorly dispersed plumes from individual thermal power plants and the large-scale synoptic transport of mixed emissions. It is shown that emissions from large coal-fired thermal power plants in the Irkutsk, Angarsk, and Ulan-Ude regions have a significant impact on atmospheric air quality and can lead to the acidification of coastal soils and tributaries. In conclusion, the study emphasizes the need not only for a transition to clean energy in coastal communities but also for a drastic reduction in pollutant emissions from large industrial sources to preserve Lake Baikal's ecological balance.

CRITERIA FOR CLASSIFYING OBJECTS AS CULTURAL VALUES

Ekaterina Gromova, Aleksey Tyukavkin-Plotnikov — Fri, 16 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The authors of the article consider a system of characteristics that make it possible to classify goods as cultural values.

They conducted a comprehensive, critical analysis of the main characteristics of cultural values.

The work reflects the author's position on the formation of a system of characteristics of cultural values. The authors concluded that it is necessary to identify the main and auxiliary characteristics of cultural values.

ANALIZ PRAKTIKI PRIMENENIYA TSIFROVYKH KONTRAKTOV

Юлдузхон Салимова, Elena Shevchuk — Fri, 16 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This article focuses on the study of legal aspects related to digital and smart contracts in civil law. It examines the impact of digitization on contract formation and execution, as well as the necessity for a legal analysis of new tools and adaptation of existing legislation. Special attention is given to issues concerning party identification, document authenticity verification, enforcement mechanisms, and judicial practice. The paper also addresses questions of conflict-of-laws rules, jurisdictional conflicts, and admissibility of electronic evidence

THE ROLE OF MARKETING POLICY IN THE SYSTEM OF EXPORTING GOODS FROM RUSSIA

Varvara Zabortseva, Kashpurova Oksana — Fri, 16 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This article explores the role of marketing policy in the system of exporting goods from Russia. It outlines the theoretical foundations of marketing in international trade and analyzes practical approaches to implementing marketing strategies abroad. The study highlights the challenges faced by Russian exporters in the global market and examines how proper marketing tools can enhance the competitiveness of domestic products. Special attention is given to successful cases and the role of government in supporting export marketing efforts.

SMUGGLING IN THE CUSTOMS SPHERE OF RUSSIA: SCALE, DYNAMICS AND COUNTERMEASURES

Наталья Карпенко, Dushutin Maksim — Wed, 14 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This article presents a comprehensive study of smuggling in the customs sphere of the Russian Federation from 1991 to 2024. The scale and dynamics of smuggling activities are analyzed across key historical stages (the 1990s, 2000s, 2010s, and 2020s), and the main factors influencing the illicit movement of goods across borders are identified. Special attention is given to the current period: changes in legislation, recent statistical data, and the impact of the external economic environment (sanctions and trade restrictions) on the nature of smuggling. Countermeasures against smuggling are described, including improvements in the legal framework, organizational and technical measures by the Russian Federal Customs Service, as well as international cooperation. It is concluded that the overall level of smuggling has decreased compared to the 1990s, although certain problem areas persist that require continued oversight and preventive measures.

ASSESSMENT OF THE REAL GROUNDS FOR IMPOSING SANCTIONS AGAINST THE RUSSIAN ECONOMY

Евгения Пушмина, Tsirkunov Pavel — Wed, 14 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

In the modern world, countries proclaim strong trade relations and cooperation of their economic capacities. However, starting in 2022, such slogans run counter to the real situation in international relations. This is especially reflected in the place that the Russian Federation occupies in the international arena.

Different packages of sanctions, restrictions on the ability of Russian goods to saturate foreign markets – all this has been felt by the Russian economy since 2014, but in the last 3 years the situation has significantly worsened.

This article examines the real reasons why European countries, along with the United States, so easily abandoned trade relations with Russia. Were the sanctions actually imposed to weaken the powerful Russian economy, or did Russia not see a strong trading partner.

APPLYING PIECE-RATE SYSTEM FOR ACCOUNTANTS: FEATURES AND RISKS

Tue, 13 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

One of the most important areas of work for the accounting department of any company is the calculation of employees' salaries. The accountant is considered an official who is responsible for maintaining the financial and economic records of the company, including the calculation of salaries. If employees have any questions about the accuracy or timeliness of their salaries, they will turn to the accountant. However, the accountant is also an employee, and they may have concerns about the calculation of their own salary. The article discusses the concepts and differences between piece-rate and time-rate forms of remuneration, as well as their systems. It identifies the possibilities of determining the natural indicators of accountants' work and their monetary valuation in the case of piece-rate remuneration. The article also conducts a survey in the accounting departments of various organizations (outsourcing companies and public institutions) to assess the application of piece-rate remuneration and the transition of accountants from the salary system to the time-rate system. The article formulates suggestions for reducing the risks associated with this transition.

Features of opening a detailing service business in the city of Irkutsk

Sofia Golovan, Александр Васильевич Лунёнок, Ubugunov Danil — Wed, 14 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The work is devoted to the study of the features of opening a business in the field of detailing — comprehensive services for deep cleaning, restoration, and protection of car surfaces. The key factors affecting the successful start-up and development of a detailing service are considered: the choice of format, selection of location and technological equipment, regulatory and environmental requirements, the formation of a range of services and pricing policy, staffing, and personnel training issues. Marketing tools for attracting customers are analyzed, as well as financial and economic aspects, including the assessment of starting investments, break-even points, and risks. Special attention is paid to modern trends: the use of protective coatings, eco-friendly detergents, subscription service models, and mobile detailing.

APPLICATION OF FOREIGN EXPERIENCE IN LABOR ORGANIZATION AT RUSSIAN ENTERPRISES

Мария Владимировна Самарина, Екатерина Сергеевна Чернецова — Wed, 14 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This article explores modern labor management methods and practices used in international companies and their adaptation to Russian conditions. It examines key aspects in detail, including innovative approaches to workflow organization, motivation systems, and productivity enhancement. Particular attention is paid to the Kaizen and Lean methodologies, which focus on continuous improvement and optimization of processes to increase efficiency. It also describes the 5S system, aimed at streamlining the workspace and improving working conditions. It analyzes successful examples of applying international experience in various sectors of the Russian economy and identifies the main challenges and obstacles companies face when implementing these methods.

УЧАСТИЕ ГРАЖДАН В ПРИНЯТИИ РЕШЕНИЙ: МЕХАНИЗМЫ, ОГРАНИЧЕНИЯ И ВЛИЯНИЕ НА ЛЕГИТИМНОСТЬ ЛОКАЛЬНОГО СОЦИАЛЬНОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ

Wed, 14 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

In the context of modern democratic development, citizens' expectations for direct participation in governance processes are constantly growing, especially at the local level, where decisions have the most direct and tangible impact on the daily lives of communities. However, this demand is met with persistent systemic bureaucratic barriers, administrative inertia, and a frequently formalistic approach to public engagement procedures, which hinders the development of genuine participation. This article offers a comprehensive analysis of civic participation, examining its historical evolution from ancient poleis with direct democracy to modern representative systems and the subsequent rethinking of the role of participation.

The article aims to answer key questions: which civic participation mechanisms are most effective in the context of local social governance, and how does the degree of citizen engagement influence the legitimacy of municipal decisions? The current state of civic participation is examined both globally and in Russia, where both positive shifts and persistent problems associated with the formalism of public hearings, the variable effectiveness of public councils, and the general inertia of the administrative apparatus are noted.

Bureaucratic barriers and lack of political will are identified as the main obstacles. Specific recommendations are offered for institutionalizing transparency, expanding the powers of local governments, scaling up participatory budgeting, and developing the competencies of both citizens and officials.

BURNOUT SYNDROME AS A SYSTEMIC PROBLEM: THE INTERINFLUENCE OF THE PROFESSIONAL ENVIRONMENT, PERSONAL RESOURCES, AND THE SOCIO-CULTURAL CONTEXT

Дана Валерьевна Толмачева , Анастасия Александровна Зайковская — Tue, 13 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Abstract. The article examines the syndrome of emotional burnout as a multifaceted systemic problem that affects not only individual psychological characteristics, but also the professional environment, personal resources, and sociocultural context. It analyzes the relationships between working conditions, the level of social support, cultural values, and personal characteristics that influence the development of burnout. Special attention is given to how socio-economic factors, such as the level of material security, social protection, and organizational aspects of work, including work rhythm, requirements, and management, affect the psychological state of employees.

The article emphasizes that the processes of the syndrome's occurrence and development are associated with a complex of factors, including personality traits, working conditions, and the social environment. An important aspect is the need to develop systemic measures that include the development of personal competencies, changing the professional environment, increasing psychological resilience, and addressing the systemic causes of stress. The paper emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary approaches and comprehensive programs aimed at creating conditions for preventing emotional burnout. The article analyzes modern methods of diagnosing and preventing professional burnout, such as stress management training, psychological support, and changing the organizational culture.

The focus is on the need to create a favorable working environment, support employees, and implement systemic measures to improve their psychological well-being in the face of modern social and economic challenges, which contributes to the sustainability and effectiveness of professional activities.

INTEGRATION PROCESSES IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY

Мария Владимировна Самарина, Максим Васильевич Душутин — Wed, 14 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The article presents a comprehensive analysis of the dynamics of integration processes in the global economy over the past decade, combining B. Balassa’s theoretical framework (from PTA to full economic integration) with empirical evidence from major regional blocs (EU, ASEAN/RCEP, USMCA, MERCOSUR, EAEU, AfCFTA). Based on academic research and up-to-date statistical data from international organizations (WTO, UNCTAD, World Bank, etc.), the study identifies contradictory trends: the persistence of high volumes of world trade and the growth in the number of RTAs, alongside the strengthening of protectionism, friend-shoring, and geo-economic fragmentation. The analysis shows that integration is shifting toward “reglobalization”: regional value chains are deepening, the role of digital and green agendas is growing, and the demand for inclusiveness in trade rules is increasing. The regional overview highlights the resilience of the EU (despite Brexit and the shocks of the 2020s), the acceleration of intra-Asian connectivity (RCEP), the modernization of North American supply chains (USMCA), institutional and political constraints within MERCOSUR and the EAEU, as well as the strategic potential of AfCFTA. The authors outline key risks (uneven levels of development, infrastructure bottlenecks, external shocks) and possible scenarios for the future — from deeper multilateralism to partial fragmentation. Illustrative tables and charts support the conclusion that integration remains a key driver of growth and stability, but requires institutional renewal, digital and environmental harmonization, and compensation mechanisms for disadvantaged sectors.

METHODOLOGIES FOR ASSESSING THE FINANCIAL SECURITY OF AN ORGANIZATION

Нина Валерьевна Яковлева, Валерия Олеговна Лысова — Tue, 13 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The purpose of this study is to conduct a comprehensive comparison of various methods for assessing an organization's financial security, identify their advantages and disadvantages, and define their scope of application. This research is relevant due to the increasing financial risks, which requires organizations to objectively assess their level of financial security. Given the lack of a unified methodology and significant differences in the structure, indicators, and assessment principles used in existing approaches, conducting a comparative analysis is essential for selecting the most effective tools for practical use. This article presents an analysis of existing methods for assessing an organization's financial security. Their structure, set of metrics, and calculation methods were examined, and an interpretation of the results was provided. Various approaches were compared, their advantages and disadvantages were identified, and practical recommendations for their most effective use in various contexts were developed.

ASSESSMENT OF FINANCIAL SECURITY OF AN ENERGY COMPANY

Нина Валерьевна Яковлева, Инна Юрьевна Шеметова — Tue, 13 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This article provides a comprehensive assessment of the financial security of an energy company using the example of Baikal Energy Company (BEK) and its subsidiary, Novo-Irkutsk Thermal Power Plant, as key players in the energy sector of the Irkutsk Region. Based on an analysis of official financial statements for 2024, trends in financial indicators are identified, including asset growth and a decline in net profit. Various types of risks are considered: financial (liquidity, profitability), credit (dependence on borrowing), environmental (emissions, compliance), personnel (skill shortage), and others. A risk rose to visualize their intensity and a risk map with mitigation measures are created. A diagram of the organizational structure of the companies is presented, including the management hierarchy within En+ Group. Data on electricity generation and consumption in the region is examined. The findings highlight the need for diversification and digitalization to increase resilience.

RESEARCH OF LOGISTICS OF TRADING PLATFORMS IN RUSSIA

Artyom, Ivanovich — Tue, 13 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The article examines the theoretical aspect of trade activity; evaluates the contribution of trade to Russia's GDP based on statistics; examines the indicators of wholesale and retail trade from 2018 to 2024 to assess the dynamics of trade development in the country; describes e-commerce and estimates its share in the trade sector throughout Russia; provides a rating of the largest marketplaces in the country by size The article considers the logistics schemes of the marketplaces; successful logistics practice in the activities of marketplaces is presented and the forecast of the state of e-commerce in the near future and large marketplaces is given.

The relevance of the research is that the e–commerce market is developing dynamically. Trade ranks 2nd in terms of its contribution to Russia's GDP, and marketplaces annually increase 1.5-2 times the turnover of goods on their trading platforms. Trends in the development of the trade sector and its digitalization are the subject of close attention and interest of entrepreneurs, marketers and economic scientists.

The purpose of the work is to study the logistics of marketplaces in Russia.

Research methods: – economic and mathematical methods, inductive and deductive methods, logical and historical method, graphical and analytical method, methods of document analysis.

As a result of the conducted research, the logistics of marketplaces in Russia was studied. The largest of them set the trends for the development of e-commerce in the country and at the same time are the embodiment of this development

IMPROVING THE FINANCIAL STABILITY OF A GOLD MINING COMPANY

Istomin Vladislav Alexandrovich, Юлия Владимировна Губанова — Tue, 13 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Financial analysis of a mining company is extremely relevant due to the importance of this industry for the national economy, the complexity of its production structure, the high risk, and the significance of proper strategic planning for achieving stable economic growth and increasing the competitiveness of Russian enterprises. The article provides an analysis of the financial stability of LLC "Gold Mining Company "Uryum", which specializes in the extraction of ores and sands of precious metals (gold, silver, and platinum group metals) in the Mogochinsky and Tungiro-Olekminsky districts of the Zabaykalsky Krai. The article provides an overview of the concept of financial stability and the main coefficients that characterize its level, as well as the regulatory values established by Russian practice for organizations in the extractive industries. Based on the financial statements for 2022-2024, a current assessment of the organization's financial stability was conducted, and measures were proposed to improve financial results and indicators of financial stability in the forecast period.

ON THE ISSUE OF FORMING A PERSONNEL ADAPTATION SYSTEM

Милана Балажоновна Бальина, Natalia — Tue, 13 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This article discusses ways to improve the adaptation processes in Sberbank PJSC. It offers modern technological and organizational solutions aimed at accelerating the entry of new employees into the work environment, reducing staff turnover and strengthening corporate culture. Special attention is paid to the digitalization of adaptation processes, the development of mentoring institutions, the individualization of adaptation routes and ensuring inclusivity. The conclusion is made about the high socio-economic importance of the proposed measures.

ON THE ISSUE OF THE FORMATION OF THE MORAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL CLIMATE IN THE ORGANIZATION

Ульяна Владимировна Шушкова, Natalia Anisimova — Tue, 13 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

. This article examines the problems of forming a moral and psychological climate in an organization. The definition of the "moral and psychological climate" is presented, and its role in ensuring the effective operation of the enterprise is substantiated. The key factors influencing the formation of the moral and psychological climate are considered, the characteristics and consequences of a favorable and unfavorable climate are given.

FORMATION OF CRITICAL THINKING AMONG STUDENTS: ANALYSIS OF METHODS AND CONDITIONS

Таисия Павловна Кузьмина , Елена Федоровна Мороз — Thu, 15 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The article examines the problem of purposeful formation of critical thinking as a key competence of a graduate in the context of modern labor market requirements and educational standards. There is a contradiction between the declared importance of the skill and its insufficient development in the real pedagogical practice of domestic universities, where traditional, reproductive methods prevail.

A solution based on a synthesis of theoretical, methodological and practice-oriented approaches is proposed. The model of critical thinking by P. Fazione, which defines its two-component structure (cognitive skills and intellectual dispositions), and the taxonomy of B. Bloom's educational goals, which sets a hierarchy for the transition from knowledge reproduction to their analysis and evaluation, are systematized as a theoretical basis.

Based on these models, a set of practical pedagogical methods has been formalized, including a joint dialogue for the development of logical argumentation, a case-study method for analyzing problem situations, as well as project activities and debates for developing the ability to work with information and defend a position.

The effectiveness of these methods is achieved only if special didactic conditions are observed. Among them are: 1) creating a psychologically safe environment with a "culture of mistakes" where failure becomes a resource for analysis; 2) methodically competent integration of digital tools for developing critical information assessment and solving professional problems. The analysis confirms that it is the synergy of methods and conditions that ensures the sustainable formation of students' skills in critical analysis, argumentation and independent decision-making

ELIMINATION OF DISAGREEMENTS ON THE WEIGHT AND QUANTITY OF CARGO USING AN ELECTRONIC ACT OF RE-MEASUREMENT

Elena Fedorovna Moroz, Dilnora Takhirovna Kolpakova — Fri, 16 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The article addresses the pressing issue of discrepancies in the weight and quantity of cargo units that arise in the process of transport logistics. The aim of the research is to substantiate the effectiveness of the electronic remeasurement certificate as a key tool for accurate recording of cargo parameters and prompt resolution of discrepancies between transportation participants in the context of digitalization.

The work analyzes the causes of discrepancies, the functional capabilities of the electronic certificate, and the technological conditions for its integration into electronic document management (EDM) systems. It is shown that the use of an electronic certificate significantly increases data reliability, accelerates dispute resolution, and minimizes the impact of the human factor through automation. Key advantages of digital recording are identified, including enhanced legal significance of documents (due to electronic signatures) and the creation of a transparent information environment for all participants in the logistics chain.

The study establishes that the successful implementation of this tool requires infrastructural readiness and compliance with legal norms. The conclusion is drawn about the significant role of the electronic remeasurement certificate not only as a technical document but also as a systemic solution for reducing operational risks, cutting costs, and strengthening trust in logistics interactions. The findings are of high practical value, contributing to the minimization of financial losses and the formation of a new documentation culture in the industry. The practical significance of the work lies in defining clear guidelines for companies implementing digital tools to enhance the resilience and efficiency of supply chains.

RUSSIAN RAILWAYS CARGO FLOW ANALYSIS: KEY CARGOES THAT DETERMINED THE DECLINE

Thu, 15 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The article analyzes the cargo flows of Russian Railways by the end of 2024 and the beginning of 2025, which revealed a steady negative trend. The main focus is on key cargo nomenclatures, which led to an overall decrease in loading by 4.1% and cargo turnover by 4.9%. It was found that the decline was caused by a complex of interrelated factors. The impact of each factor on the main cargoes is considered in detail: coal, building materials, mineral fertilizers, petroleum products, ferrous metals, timber cargo and automobiles. To restore the cargo base, joint actions of the state and Russian Railways on infrastructure development and the introduction of incentive measures are proposed.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF LOAD GRAPHS OF TRACTION ROLLING STOCK ON THE ZIMA – IRKUTSK SORTING SECTION IN THE SIMINTECH SOFTWARE PACKAGE

Александр Андреевич Галков — Tue, 13 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This paper proposes a method for statistically analyzing traction power supply system loads by processing .txt files of current load data obtained from traction calculations performed in the KORTES software package.

Statistical analysis of the graphs is performed in the SimInTech dynamic modeling environment. The model converts the current load (both apparent and reactive components) into power. The analysis is performed based on the obtained power values, and the program also allows for the graphing of the resulting power load calculations in various formats convenient for visual analysis. All calculations are performed using well-known formulas.

A series of calculations for trains of various types, weights, and models revealed that modern models, in addition to improved energy efficiency, produce more uniform load graphs. It is also worth noting that commuter trains exhibit poorly uniform graphs.

The model will allow for future analysis and comparison of various track profiles, train weights, and new locomotive models. This will make it possible to work towards improving the interaction between traction rolling stock and the traction power supply system.Keywords: statistical analysis, traction power supply system, traction calculations, traction rolling stock, computer modeling, SimInTech, KORTES

IDENTIFICATION OF FULL REACTIONS IN A MECHANICAL OSCILLATORY SYSTEM WITH RIGID BODY ON ELASTIC SUPPORTS

Роман Сергеевич Большаков, Анна Константиновна Мозалевская — Tue, 13 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The features of mathematical modeling in determining complete reactions in a mechanical oscillatory system with a rigid body on elastic supports in the presence of additional elastic bonds are considered, taking into account the spatial metric of their attachment. Additional connections are realized with the help of elastic elements. The presence of a large number of elastic elements connected to the support surface complicates the construction of mathematical models of the technical object under study, since the number of connection points doubles. Transfer functions for the coordinates of motion of a rigid body are obtained. Mathematical models are based on approaches typical of structural mathematical modeling. Analytical expressions are given to determine the complete reactions in the system under study in a rather complex form and taking into account the static and dynamic components.

FEATURES OF DETERMINING RESIDUAL STRESSES DEPENDING ON THE NATURE OF THE MATERIAL UNDER STUDY

Anna Konstantinovna Mozalevskaya — Tue, 13 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The results of research devoted to assessing the current state of developments in the field of assessing the quality of the surface layer of various materials, taking into account theoretical and practical studies of the distribution of residual stresses in the studied samples of various geometries, are presented. A comparative review of methods and means of determining residual stresses has been carried out. An assessment of modern technologies for assessing the presence of residual stresses has been carried out in relation to details of a wide range of applications. A complete classification of all methods for determining residual stresses is given, taking into account technological aspects and the depth of determination. Various methods of destructive determination of residual stresses are shown, taking into account typical calculation schemes and applied expressions. A detailed description of the main methods of destructive testing of residual stresses and a general conclusion on non-destructive methods of determination are presented.

DEVELOPMENT OF A DIGITAL AVATAR TO ASSESS AND MANAGE THE STUDENT'S EDUCATIONAL TRAJECTORY

Vyacheslav Lacviev, Dmitry Sachkov — Tue, 13 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

In the context of the digital transformation of education, the need for personalized and objective methods of evaluating academic achievements is increasing. This article discusses the concept of digital avatars-dynamic profiles that accumulate data on academic, scientific, social and professional competencies of students. The architecture of an information system that integrates data from educational organizations via the API and includes gamification elements to increase student motivation is proposed.

Key advantages of the system:

personalization of knowledge assessment based on individual educational trajectories;
increase engagement through point systems, level progress, and ratings;
automated analytics for objective assessment and monitoring of progress;
integration with universities and employers, ensuring the practical value of data.
The prospects for the development of the technology, including the use of artificial intelligence for predicting academic performance and scaling to other levels of education, are considered. The results of the study demonstrate the potential of digital avatars in creating a unified, transparent and motivating educational ecosystem.

TESTING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN SOLVING CHALLENGING MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS

Владимир Вячеславович Михаэлис , Владислав Дмитриевич Данилов — Tue, 13 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The problem of solving mathematical expressions using artificial intelligence is considered. Currently, the problem of solving mathematical expressions using artificial intelligence (AI) is of considerable interest to researchers. Traditional methods of computational mathematics, despite their effectiveness, can be limited in the context of complex and nonlinear equations, as well as when working with large amounts of data. AI, in turn, offers new approaches based on machine learning and neural networks.