ORGANIZATION OF CONTAINER TRANSPORTATION. ANALYSIS OF THE MAIN ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF CONTAINERIZATION. PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF CONTAINER TRANSPORTATION

Abstract

Container transportation has become widely used in both domestic and external transportation due to the involvement of other modes of transport. Since containerization is a relatively new and economically profitable direction, in a scientific article the authors examined the issue of organizing container transportation. During the research, the key features of this railway transportation were identified. To organize transportation, a railway container is used for transporting goods. The standard are 20 and 40 foot containers. Containers with a carrying capacity of 5 and 10 tons are also being introduced. In the course of the study, the authors proposed a standard scheme for container transportation, in which the main stages are highlighted: loading of cargo from the shipper's warehouse onto vehicles, transportation to the railway terminal of the point of departure, transportation of containers by rail, transshipment of containers onto vehicles and, finally, delivery of the cargo to the consignee's warehouse. Based on the above diagram, the advantages and disadvantages of container transportation are revealed. According to statistical data from the Russian Railways company, the authors determined the level of use of container rail transportation in domestic transportation in the Russian Federation at the end of 2022 and 2023. It was concluded that the level of containerization is growing steadily (in 2023, container transportation increased by 12.5%). Prospects for the development and further use of container logistics to increase the economic potential of the country have been identified. For this purpose, JSC Russian Railways provides completely new services, for example, Freight Express. The scientific article uses the main methods: analysis, synthesis, comparison of information and its further generalization.